Donkey Secondary Antibodies
Biotium FOLH1 / PSMA (Prostate Epithelial Marker)(FOLH1/3149R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Folate hydrolase 1 (FOLH1), also known as Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the M28 peptidase family. FOLH1 has two enzymatic activities, one as a prostate-specific integral membrane folate hydrolase and the other as a carboxypeptidase. In the prostate the protein is up-regulated in cancerous cells and is used as an effective diagnostic and prognostic indicator of prostate cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium ROR2(ROR2/1912), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ROR2 (receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2), also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor-related 2 (NTRKR2), is a single pass transmembrane tyrosine-protein kinase receptor. It contains a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain, distally located serine-threonine-rich domains, an extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain, a cysteine-rich domain and a kringle domain. ROR2 is important for skeletal and endocrine development and is required for cartilage and growth plate development. It promotes the differentiation of osteoblasts and plays an important role in the early formation of chondrocytes. ROR2 sequesters and associates with Dlxin-1 affecting the transcriptional function of Msx-2. ROR2 also interacts with canoncial Wnt-1 and Wnt-3, regulating their signaling pathways. Defects in ROR2 can result in the autosomal dominant skeletal disorder, brachydactyly type B1, or the autosomal recessive skeletal disorder, Robinow syndrome. Primary antibodies are available pur
Biotium Cytokeratin 8/18(rKRT8.18/1346), CF594 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) belongs to the type II (or B or basic) subfamily of high molecular weight cytokeratins and exists in combination with cytokeratin 18 (CK18). This MAb cocktail recognizes all simple epithelia including glandular epithelium, for example thyroid, female breast, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and urogenital tract including transitional epithelium. All adenocarcinomas and most squamous carcinomas are positive but keratinizing squamous carcinomas are usually negative. This antibody is useful in demonstrating the presence of Paget cells; there is very little keratin 18 in the normal epidermis so only Paget cells are stained. Immunohistochemical staining with this MAb is indistinguishable from that obtained with monoclonal antibody 5D3.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S an
Biotium EGFRvIII (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Variant III) (GFR/2600R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
EGFR is type I receptor tyrosine kinase with sequence homology to erbB-1, -2, -3 -4 or HER-1, -2, -3 -4. It binds to Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor-a (TGF-a), Heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, betacellulin and epiregulin. EGFR is overexpressed in tumors of breast, brain, bladder, lung, gastric, head & neck, esophagus, cervix, vulva, ovary, and endometrium. It is predominantly present in squamous cell carcinomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Occludin (Marker of Early Blood Brain Barrier Damage)(OCLN/2181), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Occludin is a tetraspan integral membrane protein in epithelial and endothelial tight junction (TJ) structures that can contain two extracellular loops. The protein exists in a variety of phosphorylated forms. Phosphorylation is involved in regulating both the localization and the function of Occludin. Expression of Occludin is upregulated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, increasing trans-endothelial cell resistance and reducing cellular permeability to large molecules. The level of Occludin varies greatly depending on tissue; in brain tissue, Occludin is highly expressed at cell-cell contact sites. Non-neural tissues show lower expression and discontinuous distribution. Occludin is a tight junction protein that is a key structural component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Degradation of Occludin is frequently seen in ischemic stroke and contributes to BBB disruption. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes
Biotium Prohibitin (Mitochondrial Marker)(PHB/3231), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 30 kDa which is identified as Prohibitin, an evolutionarily conserved protein with homologues found in yeast to man. It is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Although prohibitin mRNA and protein expression occurs throughout the cell cycle, maximum levels are detected during the G1/S phase transition and minimum levels are seen in S phase and the G2/mitosis boundary. Prohibitin is located exclusively in the mitochondria with the highest concentration on the inner membrane. Prohibitin is an ideal mitochondrial marker. It shows antiproliferative activity and has been proposed to play a role in normal cell cycle regulation, replicative senescence, cellular immortalization, and tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended fo
Biotium PLK1 (Marker of Mitosis)(AZ44), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Plk (for polo-like kinase) encodes a serine/threonine kinase that is closely related to polo and CDC5, genes that are required for passage through mitosis in Drosophila and Saccharomyces, respectively. Polo and Cdc5 both code for proteins that are involved in regulating the function of the mitotic spindle. Plk protein accumulates in the cell during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle; Plk protein content and catalytic activity peak at the onset of mitosis, followed by a rapid reduction after mitosis. Plk expression is detectable in mitotically active tissues such as colon and placenta, as well as in tumors of various origins. It has also been suggested that Plk may serve as a marker of cell proliferation. Required for recovery after DNA damage checkpoint and entry into mitosis. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1B. Phosphorylates SGOL1. Required for spindle pole localization of isoform 3 of SGOL1 and plays a role in regulating its centriole cohesion function. Phos
Biotium EGLN1 / PHD2(366G/76/3), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognises human prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a 46 kDa enzyme expressed abundantly in all tissues with the highest expression in testis. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcriptional complex, consisting of an alpha and beta subunit, which plays a key role in coordinating the cellular response to hypoxia. During normal oxygen conditions, the alpha subunit of HIF-1 is rapidly degraded, however when hypoxia occurs this degradation is suppressed and HIF-1 activates the transcription of various genes important for survival and adaptation to hypoxia. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 catalyses the hydroxylation of specific prolyl residues within the HIF-1 alpha subunit, thereby targeting this subunit for degradation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for det
Biotium Endoglin / CD105 (Angiogenesis Marker)(ENG/3269), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD105/Endoglin is a Type I membrane glycoprotein located on cell surfaces and is part of the TGF-beta receptor complex. This protein has been found on endothelial cells, activated macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth-muscle cells. Endoglin has a role in the development of the cardiovascular system and in vascular remodeling. Its expression is regulated during heart development. CD105 is highly expressed in endothelial cells during tumor angiogenesis and inflammation, with weak or negative expression in vascular endothelium of normal tissues. Angiogenesis is a promising prognostic marker in a variety of tumors. Endoglin is a more specific and sensitive marker for tumor angiogenesis than CD31 or CD34, as it labels only newly-formed blood vessels and may serve as a prognostic marker for prostate adenocarcinoma, and cancers of the lung, stomach, breast, and brain.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer
Biotium PAX8 (Renal Cell Marker)(rPAX8/1492), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 62 kDa, identified as PAX8. It is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. This nuclear protein is involved in thyroid follicular cell development and expression of thyroid-specific genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with thyroid dysgenesis, thyroid follicular carcinomas, and atypical thyroid adenomas. PAX-8 is expressed in the thyroid (and associated carcinomas), non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, and simple ovarian inclusion cysts, but not normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. PAX-8 is expressed in a high percentage of ovarian serous, endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas, but only rarely in primary ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas. PAX-8 expression is reported in renal tubules as well as renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, and seminoma. PAX-8 antibody may be used as an additional immunohistochemical marker for renal epithelial tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a
Biotium MCM6 (Proliferation Marker)(MCM6/3000), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) family of proteins, including MCM2, MCM3, MCM6 (Cdc21), MCM5 (Cdc46), MCM6 (Mis5) and MCM7 (Cdc47), are regulators of DNA replication that act to ensure replication occurs only once in the cell cycle. Expression of MCM proteins increases during cell growth, peaking at G1/S phase. The MCM proteins each contain an ATP-binding motif, which is predicted to mediate ATP-dependent opening of double-stranded DNA. MCM proteins are regulated by E2F transcription factors, which induce MCM expression, and by protein kinases, which interact with MCM proteins to maintain the post-replicative state of the cell. MCM2/MCM6 complexes function as substrates for Cdc2/cyclin B in vitro. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundanc
Biotium Prohibitin (Mitochondrial Marker)(PHB/3194), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 30 kDa which is identified as Prohibitin, an evolutionarily conserved protein with homologues found in yeast to man. It is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Although prohibitin mRNA and protein expression occurs throughout the cell cycle, maximum levels are detected during the G1/S phase transition and minimum levels are seen in S phase and the G2/mitosis boundary. Prohibitin is located exclusively in the mitochondria with the highest concentration on the inner membrane. Prohibitin is an ideal mitochondrial marker. It shows antiproliferative activity and has been proposed to play a role in normal cell cycle regulation, replicative senescence, cellular immortalization, and tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended fo
Biotium Cytokeratin 18(KRT18/1190), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with a wide variety of simple epithelia. It does not react with stratified squamous epithelia. It reacts with epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, breast, pancreas, ovary, and thyroid. Cytokeratin 18, which belongs to the type A (acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins, exists in combination with cytokeratin 8. It was reported that tissues from gastrointestinal tract are positive for both cytokeratin 8 and 18 but do not contain cytokeratin 14. Tissues from gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, as well as endocrine and exocrine tissues and mesothelial cells are positive for cytokeratin 18.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence
Biotium Desmoglein-1 (DSG1)(32-2B), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of ~150 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-1 (DSG1). Desmoglein-1 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family. Desmosomes are intercellular adhering junctions that represent cell surface attachment sites for intermediate filament. Desmocollins and desmogleins are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. Desmogleins consist of Dsg1, Dsg2, Dsg3, and Dsg4 isoforms. Within the desmosome, the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Desmoglein 1 is synthesized exclusively in the suprabasal layers. Intact and functionally active desmoglein 1 is essential to epidermal integrity. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium CD74(CLIP/1133), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes proteins of 33, 35 and 41 kDa, which are identified as various isoforms of CD74. Its epitope is localized in the extracellular domain of CD74. CD74 is a type II transmembrane protein which binds to the peptide binding groove of newly synthesized MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers and prevents their premature association with endogenous polypeptides. The CD74 molecule plays a critical role in the presentation of peptides, by the MHC class II antigens, to CD4 positive lymphocytes. CD74 is expressed on MHC class II positive cells including B cells, a subset of activated T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells and by various types of carcinomas. CD74 is expressed primarily by antigen presenting cells, such as B-lymphocytes (from before the pre-B cell stage to before the plasma cell stage), macrophages, and monocytes, and many epithelial cells. Anti-CD74 stains predominantly germinal center lymphocytes and B-cell lymphomas, but rarely T-cell lymphomas. Anti-CD74 has b